Monday, February 26, 2024

Empathy Recognition, Emotional Intelligence, and Their Potential Role in Forgiveness and Prevention of Domestic Violence

  Empathy can be defined as: According to Hodges and Myers in the Encyclopedia of Social Psychology, “Empathy is often defined as understanding another person's experience by imagining oneself in that other person's situation: One understands the other person's experience as if it were being experienced by the self, but without the self actually ... (Hodges & Myers, 2019).

  It's important to know that Empathy is about Understanding another person's experience.  But Empathy is NOT about Feeling Sorry for them.
  “Empathy is a broad concept that refers to the cognitive and emotional reactions of an individual to the observed experiences of another."
  (We do a lot of this by the way...  Watching TV... right?) 

  Question: 
  • How might Empathy in a Relationship help us prevent DV?
  "Having empathy increases the likelihood of helping others and showing compassion."  In this way, Empathy might in fact lead to Sympathy.
  “Empathy is a building block of morality—for people to follow the Golden Rule, it helps if they can put themselves in someone else’s shoes,” according to the Greater Good Science Center, a research institute that studies the psychology, sociology, and neuroscience of well-being. 
  “It is also a key ingredient of successful relationships because it helps us understand the perspectives, needs, and intentions of others.” (Lesley.edu, 2019),


Empathy in Relationships:

  “The 3 Types Of Empathy You Need To Strengthen Your Relationships include:
  • Cognitive Empathy. When you hear the phrase “try to walk a mile in the other person's shoes,” you're discussing cognitive empathy, Goleman says. ...  
  • Social Empathy. Another set is the social side of empathy. ...  "  Social empathy is the ability to understand people by perceiving or experiencing their life situations and as a result gain insight into structural inequalities and disparities." (Source).  To really get down and get where that person is at right now.
  • Empathic Concern. (Huffpost, 2019).  "Refers to other-oriented emotions elicited by and congruent with the perceived welfare of someone in need.[1][2]  These other-oriented emotions include feelings of tenderness, sympathy, compassion, soft-heartedness, and the like.  Empathic concern is often and wrongly confused with empathy
    • To empathize is to respond to another's perceived emotional state by experiencing feeling of a similar sort. 
    • Empathic concern or sympathy not only includes empathizing, but also entails having a positive regard or a non-fleeting concern for the other person.[3]"  (Source.)
  • What does it mean to you when someone else Empathizes with you?
  • What does Empathy mean to you?  
  • What does Empathy mean for you in your personal relationships?  
  • How could Empathy -- and understanding -- or attempting Empathy help you in navigating your personal relationships?  
  • How might Empathy in a Relationship help us prevent DV?

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE CAN HELP with EMPATHY DEVELOPMENT

“Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the ability to manage both your own emotions and understand the emotions of people around you. There are five key elements to EI: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills” (Source).





  Six Key Parts of Emotional Intelligence:

1. Self Awareness

2. Self Regulation

3. Motivation

4. Empathy

5. Validation

6. Social Skills


 EVER Thought About Moving Empathy Towards Sympathy...???

  Dr. Martin Luther King was somewhat of a Genius when it came to Empathy.  He actually convinced his marchers to have empathy for those who were attacking them in order to help their attackers to have empathy (and possibly even sympathy) for his marchers and their cause.

Dr. Martin Luther King and Nonviolent Resistance

   “Nonviolence

  As a theologian, Martin Luther King reflected often on his understanding of nonviolence. He described his own “pilgrimage to nonviolence” in his first book, Stride Toward Freedom, and in subsequent books and articles. “True pacifism,” or “nonviolent resistance,” King wrote, is “a courageous confrontation of evil by the power of love” (Source). Both “morally and practically” committed to nonviolence, King believed that “the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of nonviolence was one of the most potent weapons available to oppressed people in their struggle for freedom” (Source).

  King was first introduced to the concept of nonviolence when he read Henry David Thoreau’s Essay on Civil Disobedience as a freshman at Morehouse College. Having grown up in Atlanta and witnessed segregation and racism every day, King was “fascinated by the idea of refusing to cooperate with an evil system” (Source).

  In 1950, as a student at Crozer Theological Seminary, King heard a talk by Dr. Mordecai Johnson, president of Howard University. Dr. Johnson, who had recently traveled to India, spoke about the life and teachings of Mohandas K. Gandhi. Gandhi, King later wrote, was the first person to transform Christian love into a powerful force for social change. Gandhi’s stress on love and nonviolence gave King “the method for social reform that I had been seeking” (Source).

  While intellectually committed to nonviolence, King did not experience the power of nonviolent direct action first-hand until the start of the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955. During the boycott, King personally enacted Gandhian principles. With guidance from black pacifist Bayard Rustin and Glenn Smiley of the Fellowship of Reconciliation, King eventually decided not to use armed bodyguards despite threats on his life, and reacted to violent experiences, such as the bombing of his home, with compassion. Through the practical experience of leading nonviolent protest, King came to understand how nonviolence could become a way of life, applicable to all situations. King called the principle of nonviolent resistance the “guiding light of our movement. Christ furnished the spirit and motivation while Gandhi furnished the method” (Source).

  King’s notion of nonviolence had six key principles.

    1.   First, one can resist evil without resorting to violence.
    2.   Second, nonviolence seeks to win the “friendship and understanding” of the opponent, not to humiliate him (Source).
    3.  Third, evil itself, not the people committing evil acts, should be opposed.
    4.  Fourth, those committed to nonviolence must be willing to suffer without retaliation as suffering itself can be redemptive.
    5.  Fifth, nonviolent resistance avoids “external physical violence” and “internal violence of spirit” as well: “The nonviolent resister not only refuses to shoot his opponent but he also refuses to hate him” (Source ). The resister should be motivated by love in the sense of the Greek word agape, which means “understanding,” or “redeeming good will for all men” (Source).
    6.  The sixth principle is that the nonviolent resister must have a “deep faith in the future,” stemming from the conviction that “The universe is on the side of justice” (Source).

  During the years after the bus boycott, King grew increasingly committed to nonviolence. An India trip in 1959 helped him connect more intimately with Gandhi’s legacy. King began to advocate nonviolence not just in a national sphere, but internationally as well: “the potential destructiveness of modern weapons” convinced King that “the choice today is no longer between violence and nonviolence. It is either nonviolence or nonexistence” (Source).

  After Black Power advocates such as Stokely Carmichael began to reject nonviolence, King lamented that some African Americans had lost hope, and reaffirmed his own commitment to nonviolence: “Occasionally in life one develops a conviction so precious and meaningful that he will stand on it till the end. This is what I have found in nonviolence” (Source). He wrote in his 1967 book, Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?: “We maintained the hope while transforming the hate of traditional revolutions into positive nonviolent power. As long as the hope was fulfilled there was little questioning of nonviolence. But when the hopes were blasted, when people came to see that in spite of progress their conditions were still insufferable … despair began to set in” (Source). Arguing that violent revolution was impractical in the context of a multiracial society, he concluded: “Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate: only love can do that. The beauty of nonviolence is that in its own way and in its own time it seeks to break the chain reaction of evil” (Source)."

Finally, it should be noted that along these lines, Dr. King also wrote: "Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that.  Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that. "

Wrap - Up:

  If we practice more Non-Violence; we can develop more Empathy for others and for ourselves as well; and if you can practice Emotional Intelligence, then we can also develop even more Empathy for Others and for ourselves.  And if we can have more empathy for others; we can understand them better; and then -- if we really try, we will be more likely to be able to co-exist peacefully.


  *** Please CLICK HERE to Complete Your Recognizing Empathy Worksheet. ***



Sources: 
 (By Dr. Beverly, March 2018)
 Hodges & Myers, (Retrieved  3/26/2019, from: https://www.google.com/search?q=empathy+ definition+psychology&oq=empathy+defintion&aqs=chrome.4.69i57j0l5.7709j1j8&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8).
 (Lesley.edu, 2019). (Retrieved 3/26/2019, https://lesley.edu/article/the-psychology-of-emotional-and-cognitive-empathy).
 (Huffpost, 2019). (Retrieved 3/26/2019, from: https://m.huffpost.com/us/entry/us_56f171cde4b03a640a6bcc17).

Footnotes for King Piece: 

King, “Pilgrimage to Nonviolence,” 13 April 1960, in Papers 5:419–425.

King, Stride Toward Freedom, 1958.

King, Where Do We Go from Here, 1967.”  (SOURCE).

Other King Citations in Text Above (In order of presentation): King, Stride, 80; King, Stride, 73; King, Stride, 79; Papers 5:423; King, Stride, 84; Stride, 85; King; King, Stride, 86; King, Stride, 88; Papers 5:424; King, Where, 63–64; King, Where, 45; King, Where, 62–63; Stride, 79; Papers 5:422).    



 (c. 2020, William T. Beverly, Ph.D., LCSW, All information on the Blog (Except where otherwise noted); are the intellectual and/or photographic and/or digital property of Dr. William T. Beverly, L.C.S.W., DVOMB Approved Offender Treatment Provider.).

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